Understanding the appetite modulation pathways: The role of the FFA1 and FFA4 receptors

Pharmaconutrition is an area of current interest, especially concerning the advances in pharmacology nutrient-sensing receptors, as have been accomplished last 20 years. The family free fatty acid (FFA) receptors composed four members, sequentially named FFA1 to FFA4, which are activated by short long-chain acids. affinity and FFA4 for omega-3 polyunsaturated acids prompted pre-clinical clinical investigations regarding their involvement metabolic diseases. main studies focused on receptors’ expression analyses, featuring knockout mice, assessment selective synthetic ligands. These clearly indicated a relevant role peripheral central circuits regulation energetic metabolism. This review article aimed discuss relevance appetite-related complications, mainly related obesity, cancer cachexia, anorexia elderly, emphasizing whether pharmacological modulation might be useful management these disorders.